Abstract
Magnetic fusion research is on the way to face a major challenge with the realization of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), which aims to demonstrate its technological feasibility. Given the range of temperatures encountered in fusion plasmas, X-UV spectroscopy has become a mandatory diagnostic tool for such plasma experiments. Various parameters such as impurity densities, ion velocities, electrons and ions temperatures are inferred through analysis of specific spectral lines or continuum levels. The ITER project imposes however new constraints due mainly to the nuclear environment and requires also new technological developments. 1. MAGNETIC CONFINMENT NUCLEAR FUSION RESEARCH The goal of nuclear fusion research is to perform fusion of hydrogen isotopes to provide a sustainable energy source for the future generations. The most efficient reaction concerns Deuterium and Tritium hydrogen isotopes which react as follows: T + D → 4 He (3.56MeV) + n (14.03MeV) Two criteria govern the reaction effectiveness: the temperature should be above 1keV deduced from cross-section calculations shown on figure 1 and the Lawson criterion that concerns both electronic density (ne) and energy confinement time (Wth/Plosses) where Wth is the energy stored in the plasma and Plosses is the power of the losses:
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