Abstract
Xuetonglactones A–F (1–6), six unreported highly oxidized lanostane- and cycloartane-type triterpenoids along with 22 known scaffolds (7–28) were isolated from the stems of Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib. Compared with previous congeners, xuetonglactone A (1), possesses an unprecedented 20,21-α-epoxide, and xuetonglactone D (4) features an unusual 19-α-hydroperoxyl moiety. The structures and the absolute configurations of the compounds were established by extensive one- and two-dimensional NMR, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectroscopic analysis, with those of 1 and 5 confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction technique. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibition of iNOS activity in LPS-induced macrophages with IC50 values of 22.0, and 17.0 μg/mL, respectively. While compounds 6, 7, 8, and 24 showed potent cytotoxic activities against human cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa) with the IC50 values of 4.0, 5.8, 5.0, and 6.4 μM, and against human gastric cancer cells (BGC 823) with the IC50 values of 2.0, 5.0, 2.5, and 2.0 μM, respectively. Moreover, plausible biogenetic pathways of (1–6) were also proposed.
Highlights
Schisandraceae family has contributed to the novel chemical scaffolds with an array of biological activities in past three decades
Kadsura heteroclita (Roxb.) Craib. of the genus Kadsura is a climbing species primarily grows in Southwestern China, has a long history of its folk use in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Pu et al, 2008; Liu et al, 2014)
The stems of K. heteroclita traditionally known as “Xuetong” has long been consumed for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic injuries, deudenal ulcers, and cancers, by Tujia people living in Wulin mountains area
Summary
Schisandraceae family has contributed to the novel chemical scaffolds with an array of biological activities in past three decades. The family has derived significant interest due to its highly oxygenated lanostane- and cycloartanetype triterpenoids, and dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans, along with schinortriterpenoids which are the characteristics isolates (Xiao et al, 2008; Shi et al, 2015). These constituents demonstrated potential pharmacological effects e.g., anti-hepatitis, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and inhibitory effect in cholesterol biosynthesis (Pu et al, 2008; Liu et al, 2014; Hu et al, 2015; Su et al, 2015).
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