X-ray-acquired imaging and detection radiography system using digital radiography with a DSLR digital camera: preliminary results of a pilot study

Abstract

This study aimed to develop an X-ray digital radiography (DR) imaging system with a low radiation dose and superior resolution compared to those of the existing computed radiography (CR) and DR image acquisition systems using a complementary metal–oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensor-type digital single-lens reflex (DSLR) camera that is capable of adjusting sensitivity. The X-ray system consists of an X-ray generator, a DSLR camera, and a power cable. The X-ray irradiated from the X-ray imaging device was detected on a fluorescence plate located on the upper part of the body, and an image was captured by a digital camera installed below the fluorescence plate. After converting the image into an electric signal inside the pixel, the data are output through a cable to the computer, which is a data-processing device installed outside the imaging system. The spatial resolution using the resolution chart was 3.19 (LP/mm). The plot profile obtained using the ImageJ program showed a spatial resolution difference according to the spatial frequency. In addition, by exposing X-rays to the resolution chart, a plot profile of 1.0–4.86 (LP/mm) was drawn for the surface profile and resolution according to spatial frequency. Using an aluminum step wedge, images from 3.0–18 mm and plot profiles were shown. In the phantom, the hand muscle signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were 13.42 was 7.2, and the bone SNR and CNR were 10.86 and 7.2%, respectively. In conclusion, the X-ray image acquisition system using a CMOS sensor-type DSLR camera has the advantage of acquiring images in real-time with low radiation dose, resolution, and contrast, so it applies to X-ray examination in clinical practice, such as the existing CR and DR image acquisition systems. DSLR image acquisition systems can be deployed in developing countries and provided through teleradiology and telemedicine.