Abstract
The chemical state of oxygen on the surfaces of mixed electronic–ionic conducting La 0.6Sr 0.4Co 1− y Fe y O 3 ceramics was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was ascertained that there are five different kinds of oxygen on the ceramic surfaces, including lattice oxygen (O L), chemisorbed oxygen (O C) in the forms of O 2−, O −, and O 2 −, and oxygen in hydroxyl environment (O H). The concentration of O C+O H relative to total detected oxygen enhanced with the increase of Co/Fe ratio. In order to examine the relation between the chemical states of oxygen on the surfaces and the electrical nature of the ceramics, the mixed electronic–ionic conducting properties were investigated. At an identical measuring temperature, the electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity of La 0.6Sr 0.4Co 1− y Fe y O 3 ceramics tended to rise with the increase of Co/Fe ratio. It was considered that the mixed electronic–ionic conducting properties are responsible for the complex chemical states of oxygen on the ceramic surfaces.
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