X-ray measurement of metacarpal and phalange bones in the right hand of population in Kaschin-Beck disease regions, Qinghai Province

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Objective By X-ray measurement of metacarpal and phalange bones in the right hand of 200 adults in Kaschin-Beck disease (KBD) regions, Qinghai Province, to understand the basic conditions of metacarpal and phalange bones in adult patients with KBD, and to provide anatomic data and information for clinic diagnosis and application of hand surgery. Methods In 2013, 200 adults in KBD areas were taken right hand X-ray examination in Xinghai, Guide and Tongde KBD endemic areas in Qinghai Province. According to Diagnostic Standard of Kaschin-Beck Disease, 78 adult patients with KBD were diagnosed by X-ray, others were healthy control group, then metacarpal and phalange bones were measured with electronic digital vernier caliper, the axis length and width of metacarpal and phalange bones were recorded, and index of metacarpal and phalange bones were calculated. Results The axis lengths of metacarpal bones of 200 people were 2.metacarpal > 3. metacarpal > 4. metacarpal > 5. metacarpal > 1. metacarpal (F= 152.892, 266.452, all P < 0.01). Among them, the axis lengths of 3, 4, 5 metacarpal bones, proximal, middle of phalange bones and distal of 4, 5 phalange bones in male patients [(62.08±3.22), (55.56±3.43), (51.29±3.35), (27.73±1.58), (37.07±2.10), (20.41±1.53), (42.58±2.27), (24.67±1.93), (40.36±2.46), (23.80±1.65), (31.71±1.76), (16.67±1.84), (14.77±1.37), (16.00±1.41), (14.86±1.35)mm] were significantly lower than those from healthy control group [(65.06±3.01), (58.23±3.04), (52.60±7.74), (29.73±1.87), (39.34±1.81), (22.31±1.73), (44.69±2.39), (26.73±1.81), (42.48±2.04), (25.72±1.84), (33.22±1.88), (18.23±1.94), (15.81±2.66), (17.12±2.95), (16.07±1.23)mm, all P < 0.05]; The axis lengths of 2, 4, 5 proximal phalange bones in female patients [(36.32±2.54), (39.14±2.64), (30.51±2.02)mm] were significantly lower than those from healthy control group [(37.40±2.04), (40.06±2.13), (31.31±1.75)mm, all P < 0.05] . The indexes metacarpal and phalange bones of KBD patients were shorter than those from healthy control group. Among them, the metacarpal bone index [(7.54±0.71)mm] and index of proximal phalange bones of 2, 3, 4 [(4.03±0.29), (4.33±0.32), (4.44±0.41)mm] in male patients were significantly lower than those from healthy control group [(8.05±0.68), (4.27±0.43), (4.58±0.36), (4.71±0.38)mm, all P < 0.01]. The indexes of middle phalange bones of 2, 3 [(3.42±0.32), (3.75±0.46)mm] in female patients were significantly lower than those from healthy control group [(3.65±0.53), (4.03±0.42)mm, all P < 0.05]. Conclusion The axis lengths of metacarpal and phalange bones of adult patients with Kaschin-Beck Disease are shorter than those from healthy control group, and X-ray measurement of hand could provide anatomic data and information for KBD diagnosis and application of hand surgery. Key words: Kaschin-Beck disease; X-ray measurement; Metacarpal and phalange bones