Abstract
Abstract The effects of borosilicate glass composition and melting condition on valence state and coordination geometry of polyvalent Ti ions have been studied by X-ray absorption experiments. The results indicate that most of Ti 3+ ions are oxidized into Ti 4+ ions when Ti 2 O 3 is doped into sodium borosilicate glasses. When TiO 2 is doped into sodium borosilicate glasses, almost all of titanium ions are in the form of Ti 4+ . Doping both graphite and titanium oxide simultaneously in borosilicate glasses favors the formation of small amounts of Ti 3+ ions. Ti 4+ ions occupy both fivefold and sixfold coordinated sites in borosilicate glasses with non-bridging oxygen (NBS1), mainly fivefold coordinated sites. For borosilicate glasses without non-bridging oxygen (NBS2), Ti 4+ ions are in both fourfold and fivefold coordinated sites. Using reducing agents during melting procedure favors the formation of fourfold coordinated Ti 4+ ions in NBS2.
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