Abstract
Xiphinema australiae n. sp., collected from a forest near Gosford, New South Wales, is distinguished from other monodelphic Xiphinema spp. by the length of the spear, the tail length to anal body width ratio and the size of the eggs. The monodelphic species X. radicicola Goodey, 1936, X. monohysterum Brown, 1968, and X. australiae n. sp. all have a small prevulval sac; their posterior gonads are normal. Variation is noted in the number of tail pores in X. radicicola and X. monohysterum. In a pot experiment, numbers of X. australiae increased significantly in 41/2 months on Vitis rupostris (grape cv. St. George), Trifolium repens (white clover), Lycopersicon esculentum (tomato), Eucalyptu.r citriodora (lemon scented gum), Fragaria X ananassa (strawberry), Petunia hybrida (petunia) and Prunus persica (peach). Mentha spicata (spearmint) and Lolium perenne (ryegrass) were maintenance hosts. The population increases and reproductive capacities of females were similar to those reported for didelphic species of Xiphinema and Longidorus under comparable conditions.
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