Abstract
This chapter discusses the fundamental information concerning histocompatibility or H-linked genetic control of immune responses. The recent discovery of biologically active molecules produced by T cells and bearing determinants of histocompatibility gene products has introduced a new molecular dimension to cellular immunology; it is reviewed in the chapter. The recognition of specific antigens as immunogens by individual animals and inbred strains is governed by the products of individual dominant immune response (Ir) genes located in the genome in close relationship with genes of the major histocompatibility complex. These genes have been termed histocompatibility or H-linked Ir genes. The presence of the relevant genes permit immune responses to be formed, characterized by cellular immunity, and antibody synthesis against the determinants on the antigens concerned. Three types of antigens have been most useful in the identification of H-linked Ir genes: (1) synthetic polypeptides with limited structural heterogeneity, (2) allo-antigens that differ slightly from their autologous counterparts, and (3) complex multideterminant antigens administered in limiting immunizing doses in conditions where presumably only the most immunogenic determinants are recognized.
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