Abstract
The station of extreme light (SEL) at Shanghai High repetition rate XFEL and Extreme light facility (SHINE) combines 100 PW laser pulse and an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beam, which provides possible experimental conditions for observing the effect of vacuum birefringence. We have designed the XFEL beamline of SEL with X-ray energy of 12.914 keV aiming for vacuum birefringence experiment. Ultra-high polarization purity of the X-ray beam at the level of 10−10 is required before colliding with a 100 PW laser pulse. An X-ray polarizer is set at the end of the designed beamline to avoid the potential risk of depolarization induced by any other X-ray component. The designed beamline provides a focal X-ray beam FWHM size of 6.35μm and total transmission of 3.5%. Further calculation indicates that 333 shots are needed to reach 5σ confidence level for the vacuum birefringence experiment under optimal conditions with present design parameters of 100 PW laser pulse and XFEL beam in SEL. Moreover, potential radiation damage, and proposed engineering stability requirements and system’s adjustment capabilities of X-ray beamline have been discussed.
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