Abstract
Xenoastrosphaeriella aquatica sp. nov. was discovered during an investigation of lignicolous freshwater fungi in northwestern Yunnan Province, China. Evidence of morphological characters and sequence data indicated that the new collection has affiliation to Xenoastrosphaeriella. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU and tef1-α sequence data was carried out to determine the phylogenetic placement of this species, which showed that X. aquatica clustered with X. tornata and X. trochus, but these three species are phylogenetically distinct. Xenoastrosphaeriella aquatica differs from other species in having dark olive to brown and larger ascospores. A detailed description and illustration of the new species are provided, as well as the comparisons with similar taxa.
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