Abstract
We previously reported that transcription factor XBP1S is upregulated during chondrocyte differentiation and demonstrates the temporal and spatial expression pattern during skeletal development. Herein, we found that XBP1S stimulates chondrocyte differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and endochondral ossification ex vivo. In addition, XBP1S activates granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP), a growth factor known to stimulate chondrogenesis, then enhances GEP-stimulated chondrogenesis and endochondral bone formation. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that XBP1S positively regulates endochondral bone formation by activating GEP chondrogenic growth factor.
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