Abstract
Background: Xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the female reproductive organs is a rare chronic inflammation. In most reported cases, the lesion was limited to the endometrium and fallopian tubes. Here, we report two cases of xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the myometrium with a history of endometrial biopsy. Case Reports: In two cases, myometrial xanthogranulomatous inflammation destroyed the myometrium. This inflammation developed into surrounding pelvic organs, resulting in uterine perforation. Conclusion: When inflammatory lesions are found after intrauterine manipulation, the possibility of developing xanthogranulomatous inflammation should be considered. If antibiotics are ineffective, prompt surgical treatment is necessary.
Highlights
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an uncommon type of chronic inflammation that can destroy normal tissue in affected organs
Myometrium with a history of endometrial biopsy, in which the inflammation histopathologically destroyed the myometrium without invading the endometrium and further developed into the surrounding organs, resulting in uterine perforation
The present case is interesting because the affected myometrium was replaced by lipid-laden foamy macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and xanthogranulomatous inflammation was observed in and around the myometrium, which further extended into the pelvis, resulting in uterine perforation
Summary
Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is an uncommon type of chronic inflammation that can destroy normal tissue in affected organs. It primarily affects the kidneys, followed by the gallbladder, stomach, anal region, bones, bladder, testes and epididymis [1] [2]. The diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous inflammation is made by marked proliferative fibrosis, destruction of the parenchyma, and infiltration of foam histiocytes mixed with other inflammatory cells.
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