Xanthogranulomatous adrenalitis : Arare and difficult differential diagnosis of adrenal gland tumors

Abstract

Aradiologically diagnosed tumor in a29-year-old woman with afever of around 39 °C was operated on under the suspicion of cholecystitis or aliver abscess. Asolid tumor was found in the adrenal gland and resected. The frozen section findings did not reveal aclear diagnosis of entity and assignment. Histologically, the tumor was found to consist of densely clustered large histiocyte-like cells with expression of vimentin, CD68, and CD163 as well as negativity for keratin, langerin, and SMA. We diagnosed xanthogranulomatous adrenalitis and discussed the differential diagnoses (Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Rosai-Dorfman disease, malakoplakia, Erdheim-Chester disease).