Abstract
BackgroundXanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a hydroxylase enzyme involved in the metabolism of purines. XOR activity can vary: the homodimer protein can be converted into two different isoforms XD (antioxidant) and XO (prooxidant). Oxidative stress and inflammation that accompanying chronic kidney disease (CKD), dialysis, and kidney transplantation, resulted in platelet activation. Present study aimed to determine the influence of applied renal replacement therapy on xanthine oxidoreductase and its isoforms activity.Materials and MethodsThe study group consisted of 117 patients, divided into 4 groups: hemodialysis - 30 patients, peritoneal dialysis - 30 patients, kidney transplant patients - 27 and conservative treatment - 30 patients. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers.ResultsSignificant differences were found in XOR activity in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) within the groups studied (p = 0.001). There was a relationship between the type of renal replacement therapy of all oxidoreductase isoforms in PPP (p < 0.001 all isoforms) and XD (p = 0.008), XO (p < 0.001) in platelet rich-plasma (PRP). A relationship was observed between the activity of all oxidoreductase isoforms in PPP and PRP, and the type of renal replacement therapy and the duration of dialysis and the age of patients. The cause of chronic kidney disease was also reflected differences in XD and XO activity in PPP.ConclusionsThe type of renal replacement therapy used in CKD patients, age of patients, duration of dialysis, CKD causes, and stage of progression significantly affect the activity of XOR and its isoforms.
Highlights
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a hydroxylase enzyme involved in the metabolism of purines
Significant differences were found in XOR activity in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) within the groups studied (p = 0.001)
The type of renal replacement therapy used in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, age of patients, duration of dialysis, CKD causes, and stage of progression significantly affect the activity of XOR and its isoforms
Summary
Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a hydroxylase enzyme involved in the metabolism of purines. XOR activity can vary: the homodimer protein can be converted into two different isoforms XD (antioxidant) and XO (prooxidant). Present study aimed to determine the influence of applied renal replacement therapy on xanthine oxidoreductase and its isoforms activity. The XOR activity can vary: the homodimer protein can be converted into two different isoforms. Xanthine dehydrogenase (XD) expressed predominantly in healthy tissue, and xanthine oxidase (XO) generated. XOR acts in the presence of N AD+ as a dehydrogenase, and with molecular oxygen as an oxidase. The ability of XOR to rapidly convert from antioxidant to oxidant, in various types of tissue damage, is an essential element for a rapid innate immune response, beneficial in, for example, in bacterial or fungal infection [5]
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