Abstract
BackgroundSomatostatin prevents cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis. Downregulation of the XAF1 transcript may occur during the development of prostate cancer. It is interesting to evaluate the potential regulatory effects of somatostatin on XAF1 expression during the development of prostate cancer cells.MethodsXAF1 mRNA and protein expression in human prostate epithelial cells RWPE-1, androgen dependent prostate cancer LNCaP, and androgen independent DU145 and PC3 cells were evaluated using RT-PCR and Western blot. The regulation of XAF1 mRNA and protein expression by somatostatin and its analogue Octreotide was evaluated.ResultsSubstantial levels of XAF1 mRNA and proteins were detected in RWPE-1 cells, whereas prostate cancer cells LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 exhibited lower XAF1 expression. Somatostatin and Octreotide up-regulated XAF1 mRNA and protein expression in all prostate cancer cell lines.ConclusionsXAF1 down-regulation may contribute to the prostate cancer development. The enhanced XAF1 expression by somatostatin indicates a promising strategy for prostate cancer therapy.
Highlights
Somatostatin prevents cell proliferation by inducing apoptosis
The enhanced X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein-associated factor-1 (XAF1) expression by somatostatin indicates a promising strategy for prostate cancer therapy
Up-regulation of XAF1 mRNA and protein by somatostatin and Octreotide in prostate cancer cell lines To examine the regulatory effects of somatostatin and Octreotide on XAF1 mRNA and protein expression, prostate cancer cell lines (LNCaP, DU145 and PC3) were stimulated with 1 nM somatostatin and 1 nM Octreotide for different periods of time
Summary
Downregulation of the XAF1 transcript may occur during the development of prostate cancer. It is interesting to evaluate the potential regulatory effects of somatostatin on XAF1 expression during the development of prostate cancer cells. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among men in the United States and Europe [1,2]. It was estimated that approximately 186,320 new cases and 28,660 prostate cancerrelated deaths occurred in the US in 2008 [1]. Like all other human malignancies, prostate cancer cells escape apoptotic death through highly efficient pathways involving multiple mechanisms [6,7]. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein-associated factor-1 (XAF1) was first identified as an interacting protein of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) [8].
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