Abstract
Indium tin oxide films and coatings are widely used and can be produced by different techniques including dip and spin coating of suspensions of nanoparticles. To achieve high-quality films, the nanopowder has to be fully characterized. Hence, three coprecipitated nanocrystalline indium tin oxide powders of different particle size were investigated by use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analysis indicated that indium and tin are in the oxide state; that is, no metallic component could be observed. In addition, measurements by use of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed. They showed that indium tin oxide primary particles are slightly elliptical and facetted in shape. The powders have a body-centered cubic lattice type, and the lattice parameter is 1.01 nm. Measured by both X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, the tin content was determined to be 5–6 at.%.
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