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Abstract
Chemical and structural properties of the rust formed by corrosion of steel in aqueous solutions were studied by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The corrosion products of steel were generated in aqueous solutions of different electrolyte compositions at room temperature (20 °C) or in an autoclave at 120 °C. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of different oxide phases in the rust, such as lepidocrocite, magnetite, ferrihydrite, goethite and haematite. In all samples, the presence of an amorphous fraction was detected. Ferrihydrite was detected only in the rust samples formed at 120 °C, The characteristic properties of the FT-IR spectrum of the ferrihydrite component in the rust were investigated. Phase compositions of the corrosion products depended on the formation temperature and the electrolyte composition of the aqueous solutions. The influence of chloride, nitrate or sulphate anions on the phase composition of the rust is discussed.
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