X-ray Crystallographic Structure of Recombinant Eosinophil-derived Neurotoxin at 1.83 Å Resolution

Abstract

The X-ray crystallographic structure of recombinant eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (rEDN) has been determined by molecular replacement methods and refined at 1.83 Å resolution to a conventional R-factor (=Σ || F o| − | F c|| /Σ | F o| ) of 0.152 with excellent stereochemistry. The molecular model of rEDN contains all 1081 non-hydrogen protein atoms, two non-covalently bound sulfate anions and 121 ordered solvent molecules. The polypeptide fold of rEDN is related to those observed in the homologous structures of RNase A, Onconase and angiogenin. rEDN is one of the largest members of the pyrimidine-specific ribonuclease superfamily of vertebrates and has small insertions in four of its seven loop structures and a large insertion from Asp115 to Tyr123. The non-covalently bound SO 4(A) and SO 4(B) anions occupy phosphate-binding subsites of rEDN. The active site SO 4(A) anion makes contacts in rEDN that are similar to those in RNase A and involve the side-chain atoms of Gln14, His15 and His129, and the NH group of Leu130. The SO 4(B) anion makes contacts with the side-chain atoms of Arg36 and Asn39 and the main-chain atoms of Asn39 and Gln40. The equivalent residues of RNase A cannot make contacts similar to those observed in rEDN. The SO 4(B) binding site of rEDN likely corresponds to the P −1subsite and may be representative of how other homologous RNases bind the P −1phosphate.