X-ray assessment of the position of the lower jaw heads in different types of face

Abstract

To increase the efficiency of diagnosis and orthodontic treatment of patients with temporomandibular joint dysfunction based on the study of the relationship between the features of the position of the heads of the lower jaw and various face types in patients aged 25 to 44 years according to cone beam computed tomography. We examined 100 people who were divided into two main groups (50 males, 50 females). To study the formed groups index method for diagnosing facial types according to Isar was used. The facial indicator was determined: the percentage of physiognomic height to the morphological width of the face. The structural features and relative positions of the TMJ bone structures in patients with TMJ dysfunction in various face types were studied in the Avantis 3D computer program. It was noted that the upper position of the lower jaw heads in women and men with a narrow type of face was observed in 50% and 40% of cases, respectively; the distal position of the lower jaw heads in women and men with a wide type of face was observed in 50% and 42.3% of cases, respectively. The results of the study indicate that there is a relationship between different types of face and the position of the lower jaw heads in the lower jaw, which should be considered in comprehensive treatment planning. The most at risk of temporal dysfunction is the TMJ of a woman with a narrow type of face, in which dominates the upper position of the lower jaw heads and a woman with a wide type of face with the distal position of the lower jaw heads. Before orthodontic treatment it is necessary to investigate the position of the TMJ heads with the help of CBCT and make a mandatory correction before the beginning of orthodontic treatment.