X-factor of rural development: role and place in ESG model of balanced growth

Abstract

The X-factor of rural development as a concept reflecting the totality of external and intra-regional social components allows us to better understand the relationship between economic and social changes, and transformations in cultural values, behavioural norms, beliefs and communicative processes that give meaning and significance to people's actions and attitudes. Unfortunately, in the study and design of transformations in social systems, very little attention is paid to this relationship and the fact that social, economic, cultural and communicative-semiotic processes constitute a whole and that the results and nature of change are ultimately determined by the balance of interaction between these components is not fully realised. The aim of the study is to specify the role and significance of the X-factor of rural development in the ESG-model of balanced growth on the materials of local studies and to prove its ever-growing importance in the conditions of ongoing fundamental transformations in technology, economy, and society. The objectives of the study are to identify the problems that create the situation of X-inefficiency in rural development; to develop possible ways to overcome them, taking into account the processes of technological, economic, and cultural revival and approaches to their implementation when analysing the possibility and prerequisites for the transition to X-efficiency, which will contribute to the holistic and systemic nature of formulating and achieving the goals and objectives of the ongoing changes, providing the greatest synergistic and cumulative effect of them; to determine the role and place of X-factors of rural development in the ESG model of balanced growth.