Abstract
The diagnostic assessment of speech is a complex process: it should be reliable, but also ongoing throughout any program of speech therapy. Its essence lies in the recognition of the phenomenon of speech therapy itself. In order to make a diagnosis of speech and linguistic competence, the therapist must undertake various activities. It should, moreover, precede any interview with the parents (or guardians) of the child. It should take place in a pleasant atmosphere, and be performed in an unhurried manner. The parents or guardians of the child should feel that the speech therapist is taking a genuine interest in their problems and concerns. The interview allows therapists to obtain valuable information about the child under examination, and helps with setting up an appropriate diagnosis for the purposes of speech therapy. This article discusses in detail the characteristics of one of the tools of speech therapy – namely, the questionnaire-based interview. This should include, inter alia, questions regarding the family situation of the child and his or her physical and mental development, including questions relating to pregnancy, diseases during this period, medication taken during pregnancy, and the way in which the child’s birth unfolded. The article highlights the benefits of such an interview: when properly conducted, it allows speech therapists not only to get to know the properties of the psycho-physical development of the child, but also to identify the principal factors responsible for determining that development. A thorough analysis of the information obtained from the parents or guardians of the child may also be of help in identifying the causes of speech disorders. The paper presents some selected results of research into language development and motor development amongst children of preschool age. Information on these aspects of development was obtained from the parents of children in the course of a study researching speech therapy.
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