Abstract
Feliks Koneczny, professor of history, was one of the most interesting Polish thinkers of the first half of the twentieth century. He was born in 1862 in Krakow. He studied history at the Jagiellonian University. He is primarily known as a philosopher of history and the creator of the theory of civilizations. For Koneczny, history is a confrontation between civilizations. He described seven great civilizations: Arabic, Byzantine, Brahminical, Chinese, Latin, Turanian, and Jewish. Their mutual relations are the axis of history. The Byzantine and the Turanian civilizations were particularly expansive, with the West being the main field of their expansion. According to Feliks Koneczny, the East (the Orient) was the birthplace of civilizations that threaten the Latin civilization.
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