Abstract
There are two main methodologies which can be used to assess the functional integrity of nervous system during intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM). Monitoring provides continuous real-time information about the functional integrity of the nervous tissue, whereas mapping provides rapid anatomical identification and localization of neural structures. Mapping of the primary motor cortex and subcortical corticospinal tract (CST) can be performed with direct cortical and subcortical electrical stimulation with a hand-held probe. Mapping of the central sulcus can be achieved by using phase reversal technique of somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP). This talk will be specifically focused on basic principles and application of these mapping methodologies and their usefulness mainly in brain tumor surgeries. Key Words: intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), cortical mapping, subcortical mapping, central sulcus mapping
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