Abstract
Transcriptional reprogramming takes place as defense response to help plants overcome different stresses. The defense-related gene expression is elicited by interaction of a ligand–receptor complex that induces the expression of early response genes. A number of transcription factors (TFs) have been found to participate in defense responses in plants. Among these, the WRKY TFs are conspicuous, having a strictly conserved 60 amino acid regions comprising of the highly conserved WRKYGQK peptide sequence and a zinc fingerlike motif. These TFs have a recognition sequence of (C/T)TGAC(T/C), known as the W-box that is found in the promoter region of WRKY and other defense-related genes. WRKY TF family members are categorized mainly into three groups based on the number of WRKY domains and certain features associated with the zinc fingerlike motifs. These TFs are involved in priming diverse pathways such as defense against pathogens, trichome development, senescence, and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. The present article focuses on the defense-related role of WRKY TFs during biotic stress in crop plants.
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