Abstract

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the effect of the rehabilitation system using augmented reality (AR) on upper extremity motor performance of patients with stroke. Methods: The system using AR applying mirror therapy mechanism provides the intervention protocol for the patient with hemiplegia after stroke. The system consists of a patient positioning tool (a chair), a white surface table, an image acquisition unit, an image processing unit, an image displaying unit, an arm holder, a Velcro-strap, and two blue circle stickers. To assess the feasibility of our system in motor function recovery, a stroke patient was recruited to receive the AR intervention. The treatment was performed two times a day for ten minutes over two weeks (ten days of treating weeks), except for the time of installation, calibration, and three minute breaks. Jebsen Taylor hand function test and Arm Motor Fugl-Meyer assessment were used as primary and secondary outcome measures, respectively, to evaluate the effect of motor function recovery. Additionally, stroke impact scale, Korean version-Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), active range of motion of wrist joint (ROM), and the grasp force in Newtons were measured. Participants’ feedback and adverse effects were recorded as well. Results: Motor function improvements were exhibited in wrist and hand subtest of Arm Motor Fugl-Meyer (baseline: 19; post-intervention: 23), proximal arm subtest of Fugl-Meyer (baseline: 31; post-intervention: 34), ROM (extending ROM: 10° and 3° for flexion and extension, repeatedly), stroke impact scale (baseline: 46; post-intervention: 54), K-MBI (baseline: 92; post-intervention: 95), nine-hole pegboard (baseline: 30 s; post-intervention: 25 s), and grasp force in Newtons (baseline: 12.7; post-intervention: 17.7). However, the adverse effects were reported after the intervention. Conclusion: The system using AR applying mirror therapy mechanism demonstrated the feasibility in motor function recovery for the stroke patient.

Highlights

  • Stroke is one of the main causes of long-term disability in adults [1]

  • To address limitations of the mirror therapy, avatar images or virtual objects have been constructed by image processing techniques in virtual reality (VR) systems

  • We proposed an augmented reality (AR) system applying mirror therapy mechanism for hemiplegic patients and evaluated its effectiveness in eliciting upper-limb motor recovery

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Summary

A Feasibility Study

Mobile Healthcare Laboratory, Samsung Advanced Institute Technology, Suwon 16678, Korea Department of Electronics and Control Engineering, Hanbat National University, Daejeon 34158, Korea Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Ulsan 44610, Korea

Introduction
Subjects
Hardware
The firstfirst section:
Intervention andand
Outcome
Motor Function Improvement
Validation of Virtual Reality and Agmented Reality
Adverse Effects
Findings
Discussion
Full Text
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