Abstract
The authors analyze the origin of multivalued height fluctuations, which describe the mechanical behavior of layered solids.
Highlights
The current understanding of the mechanical response of materials to large external stress [1,2,3] is mostly based on ideas applicable to simple close-packed solids [1]
We provide answers to some of the many questions raised above depending on physical parameters such as the temperature, the stiffness of the layers, the intralayer mechanical coupling etc., which vary from material to material
We have described in detail the T > 0 ripplocation transition and formation of a ripplocation in a confined 2D sheet with out-of-plane fluctuations when deformed by a pure shear
Summary
The current understanding of the mechanical response of materials to large external stress [1,2,3] is mostly based on ideas applicable to simple close-packed solids [1]. Further compression leads to higher-order deformation patterns where atomic layers glide relative to each other without breaking the in-plane bonds and producing a ripplocation (see Fig. 1) or ripplocation These structures involve large and singular deformations of flat sheets and are intractable within existing elasticity theory. We employ a quantity for the measure of nonaffine displacements that was first introduced in the study of mechanical deformations in glasses [42] This quantity has been generalized [43] and used to investigate defects in crystals [44], pleats in permanently bonded networks [12,13], the origin of rigidity of crystalline solids [45], and biologically important conformation changes in proteins [46]. IV by discussing the possible experimental implications and future directions of research
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