Abstract
Abstract. Dust aerosol plays an important role in the radiative budget and hydrological cycle, but large uncertainties remain for simulating dust emission and dry deposition processes in models. In this study, we investigated dust simulation sensitivity to two dust emission schemes and three dry deposition schemes for a severe dust storm during May 2017 over East Asia using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem). Results showed that simulated dust loading is very sensitive to different dry deposition schemes, with the relative difference in dust loading using different dry deposition schemes ranging from 20 %–116 %. Two dust emission schemes are found to produce significantly different spatial distributions of dust loading. The difference in dry deposition velocity in different dry deposition schemes comes from the parameterization of collection efficiency from impaction and rebound effect. An optimal combination of dry deposition scheme and dust emission scheme has been identified to best simulate the dust storm in comparison with observation. The optimal dry deposition scheme accounts for the rebound effect and its collection efficiency from impaction changes with the land use categories and therefore has a better physical treatment of dry deposition velocity. Our results highlight the importance of dry deposition schemes for dust simulation.
Highlights
Dust aerosol is an important component in the atmosphere, and it can impact many processes of the Earth system
Our results show that dust loading is very sensitive to different dry deposition schemes
The relative difference in dust loading in different experiments range from 20 % to 116 % when using different dry deposition schemes
Summary
Dust aerosol is an important component in the atmosphere, and it can impact many processes of the Earth system. Through absorbing and scattering shortwave and longwave radiative fluxes, dust can alter the radiative budgets, which is called the direct effect (Chen et al, 2013; Kok et al, 2017; Zhao et al, 2010, 2011, 2012). Dust aerosol can absorb solar radiation and change the atmospheric stability and cloud formation, which is known as the semidirect effect (Hansen et al, 1997). Natural dust is important for air quality assessments and has significant impacts on human health (Abuduwaili et al, 2010; Chen et al, 2019; Hofer et al, 2017; JiménezGuerrero et al, 2008; Ozer et al, 2007). Great progress has been made in dust models and dust simulations
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