Wound Responses in Girdled Stems of Lianas

Abstract

Nineteen species of lianas, some with typical secondary growth and some with anomalous secondary growth, were girdled by removing either one-half or the entire bark. Although regeneration occurred in stems with typical secondary growth, it was not as great as in stems with anomalous secondary growth. In stems with lenses of apotracheal parenchyma, most regeneration occurred from the parenchyma and was so great that the secondary xylem was fragmented into small individual pieces. In half-girdled stems of lianas with supernumerary cambia, proliferation occurred from the xylem and phloem rays, all cambia, and phloem nearest the exposed surfaces at the lateral edges of the girdle. In full-girdled stems, regeneration occurred from the innermost cambia as well as from internal phloem. All species with lobed xylem and disjunct cambium had prolific regeneration that always occurred from the furrows of phloem between the xylem lobes. In some full-girdled stems, callus that formed on the periphery of the stem devel...