Wound Healing and Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity of Gardenia angustifolia Extract in Rats

Omale James,Abbah Okpachi Christopher

doi:10.4172/2167-0501.1000112

Abstract

Gardenia angustifolia is widely utilized in many parts of Nigeria to manage a wide range of ailments. As part of effort to elucidate its pharmacological activities and hence medicinal potential, wound healing and anti-ulcerogenic properties of the extract was evaluated using experimentally created wound and ulcers in albino rats. Wound healing properties was evaluated using excision wound model, while anti-ulcer activity was studied using ethanol induced ulcer model. Five groups of rats were experimentally wounded at the back area. An area of uniform wound of 7×7 mm using millimeter ruler was excised. The animal groups were topically treated with Gardenia angustifolia gel, wound dressed with leaf, fruit and root gel significantly healed earlier than those treated with paraffin base and povidone iodine (standard). In anti-ulcer studies, rats were orally administered with different doses of the root extract (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) and positive control group (Omeprazole, 8 mg/kg body weight) for five days. After induction of ulcer using 5 ml/ kg body weight of ethanol, the stomach of the rats was opened, gastric volume and ulcer area were measured. The results indicated that Gardenia angustifolia root extract could prevent ulceration in rats in a dose dependent manner. The acute toxicity study revealed that the plant could be toxic at higher doses. Blood glucose reduction was dose and time dependent. From this study it is evident that G. angustifolia possess anti-ulcer properties and also wound dressed with the root, leaf and fruit gels significantly enhanced the acceleration of wound healing in rats.

Highlights

Wound is a breach in the normal tissue continuum, resulting in a variety of cellular and molecular sequelae
Single dose (100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 6000 mg/kg-1) of G. angustifolia root methanol extract administered to albino rats elicited some behavioural characteristics in them
The results of the present study have shown that G. angustifolia root extract possess gastro-protective activity, as evidenced by its significant inhibition in the formation of ulcers induced by ethanol (Table 4)

Summary

Introduction

Wound is a breach in the normal tissue continuum, resulting in a variety of cellular and molecular sequelae. The basic principles of optimal wound healing which include minimizing tissue damage, debriding nonviable tissue, maximizing tissue perfusion and oxygenation, proper nutrition and moist wound healing environment have been recognized for many years [1]. A number of drugs ranging from simple non-expensive analgesics to complex and expensive chemotherapeutic agents administered in the management of wound affect healing either positively or negatively [2]. Indomethacin, cytotoxic agents and immunosuppressant have been proved experimentally to affect healing negatively [3]. Wound is defined as the disruption of the cellular and anatomic discontinuity of a tissue and may be produced by chemical, physical, thermal, microbial or immunological insult to the tissue. Wound cause discomfort and are more proned to infection and other troublesome complications [4]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion