Abstract
ABSTRACTRecent work on the political economy of media has drawn on Smythe, complicating the relationship between audience as consumers and producers. Smythe’s focus on audiences as a commodity through advertising did not address the other ways that audiences can and do produce value for advertisers and television producers. However, his theory provides grounding for understanding strategic actions audiences can take to disrupt those value-producing systems. In this paper, we analyze the live/televised hybrid audience of professional wrestling. These audiences deliberately disrupt their own value production for W.W.E. as a form of audience labor dispute and highlight the importance of live audience participation in mediated audience resistance.
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