Working Postures and Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Overhead Crane Operators in a Steel Industry

Abstract

Background: Overhead crane operators work long hours in a confined space and often face ergonomic and physical risk factors. The main purpose of this study was to find a better understanding of the risk of MSDs in overhead crane operators. Methods: This study was conducted in a steel industry. The Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (NMQ) was used to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in overhead traveling crane operators. Moreover, the exposure level to musculoskeletal disorders in 2 crane models (A and B) was investigated using QEC (quick exposure check) method. Results: Final results obtained from the NMQ revealed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in overhead crane operators, especially affecting the waist (83%) and the neck (71%). Moreover, final results obtained from posture evaluation indicated a significant difference between postures of the crane operators for the models of A and B. Level of exposure to the risk factors for the back was moderate and average for the A and B model cranes, respectively. However, the exposure level to the risk factors for the neck was high in both models, with the B model (score of 14), causing a higher level of exposure to risk factors compared with the A model (score of 12). Subjective perception of whole body vibration was at an average level, and the range of the operators work stress was found to be high. Conclusions: Results of the study indicated that the prevalence of back and neck pain among the operators was high. Moreover, the main risk factors that were probable causes of this high level of prevalence were awkward posture and vibrations in the cabins.