Abstract
This study examines whether the relationship between the employees’ perceived job autonomy may be prone to the contextual influence of supervisor support and presenteeism climate in explaining the attendance behaviors of presenteeism–the employees’ decision to attend work despite being ill or not feeling well. Does work context play a role on presenteeism climate and the specific act of presenteeism? This study includes 213 health care employees (e.g., nurses, doctors) working in one private hospital in Lebanon. We used the ordinary least squared (OLS) regressions path analytical framework and bootstrapping methods to estimate the hypothesized moderated-mediation models. Our findings indicate that healthcare job resources (job autonomy) is correlated with the presenteeism climate and the occurrence of presenteeism attendance behaviors. We also found that this relationship is mediated by presenteeism climate and that supervisor support moderates the observed indirect relationship. This study extends the organizational attendance research domain to presenteeism climate by explaining for both doctors and nurses how contextual variables explains the relationship between jobs resources and presenteeism attendance behaviors. Supervisor support plays an important role in encouraging task autonomy and thus allowing employees increase their perception of empowerment to manage their actions at work. Overall, healthcare managers should ensure that employees understand their roles and duties and have an up-to-date, clearly defined role (e.g., job description) so that they can meet their organizations’ goals.
Highlights
The job demands-resources model has been extensively studied in management literature [1], integrating important variables and organizational outcomes such as job engagement and burnout
The 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.01, 0.08] and [-0.06, -0.01] for the conditional indirect effect did not contain zero. These findings show that job autonomy interacts with supervisor support to explain the variance of the presenteeism climate, which, in turn, relates to presenteeism attendance days
This study aimed to test whether the predictive role of job characteristics on employee attendance behaviors might be prone to contextual influences
Summary
The job demands-resources model has been extensively studied in management literature [1], integrating important variables and organizational outcomes such as job engagement and burnout. Despite the well-known relationship between burnout and presenteeism [2], as well as between the job demands-resources model and burnout [3], [4], to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no studies have attempted to integrate presenteeism as a comprehensive outcome of this model, taking into account the healthcare sector context and its specificities. The purpose of this study is to assess attendance dynamics (i.e., presenteeism at work) as a function of work characteristics, individual differences and organizational contexts. Johns [5] presented a comprehensive review on presenteeism and proposed a model which features the work context, specific employee characteristics and some aspects of the work experience. Presenteeism among physicians may affect the quality of healthcare provided [9], [10], the quality of the work itself [11], and the long-term health of the incumbents [8]
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