Abstract
Field work on the search and characterization of ground effects of a historical earthquake (i.e., the Cagli earthquake in 1781) was carried out using terrestrial and aerial digital tools. The method of capturing, organizing, storing, and elaborating digital data is described herein, proposing a possible workflow starting from pre-field project organization, through reiteration of field and intermediate laboratory work, to final interpretation and synthesis. The case of one of the most important seismic events in the area of the northern Umbria–Marche Apennines provided the opportunity to test the method with both postgraduate students and researchers. The main result of this work was the mapping of a capable normal fault system with a great number of observations, as well as a large amount of data, from difficult outcrop areas. A GIS map and a three-dimensional (3D) model, with the integration of subsurface data (i.e., seismic profiles and recent earthquake distribution information), allowed for a new interpretation of an extensional tectonic regime of this Apennines sector, similar to one of the southernmost areas of central Italy where recent earthquakes occurred on 2016.
Highlights
The research and mapping of faults and ground deformation are fundamental for seismic characterization of tectonically active areas
Applied a larger section of the Umbria–Marche Apennines to define the possible relationships between crustal structures
Applied to a larger section of the Umbria–Marche Apennines to define the possible relationships we proposed a workflow (Figure 3) that allows defining the various phases
Summary
The research and mapping of faults and ground deformation are fundamental for seismic characterization of tectonically active areas To this end, a lot of work has been carried out in various regions around the world, such as in Italy after the occurrence of the latest earthquakes (i.e., in L’Aquila in 2009, in central Italy in 2016, and in Ischia in 2017). Geologists and geophysicists use digital devices and tools to minimize time and errors, increasing the accuracy of data and observations [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] These methods have been applied to active fault characterization of recent seismic events, that is, events that occurred a few years prior to the characterization
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