Abstract
BackgroundDuring the past three decades, research interest in work addiction has increased significantly. Most definitions concerning work addiction have specifically contained personality-related elements. However, the results of empirical studies concerning personality and work addiction are both few and mixed. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of personality in the background of work addiction.MethodsThe present study systematically reviewed and empirically carried out a meta-analysis on all the published studies examining the association between personality variables and work addiction (n = 28).ResultsThe results of the meta-analysis indicated that perfectionism, global and performance-based self-esteem, and negative affect had the strongest and most robust associations as personality risk factors of work addiction. Among the Big Five traits, extraversion, conscientiousness, and intellect/imaginations showed positive relationships with work addiction. However, these associations were weak.ConclusionsBased on the meta-analysis, personality appears to explain only a small amount of the variance of work addiction and further studies are needed to assess the interaction between individual and environmental factors.
Highlights
During the past few decades, research into behavioral addictions has increased significantly
The present study systematically reviewed and empirically carried out a metaanalysis on all the published studies examining the association between personality variables and work addiction (n 5 28)
The following personality variables were assessed in the 28 studies: neuroticism (n 5 9), conscientiousness (n 5 9), extraversion (n 5 8), agreeableness (n 5 7), openness (n 5 6) intellect/imagination (n 5 2), self-esteem (n 5 5), self-efficacy (n 5 2), perfectionism (n 5 12), positive affectivity (n 5 5), negative affectivity (n 5 7), trait anxiety (n 5 2), type A behavior (n 5 1), obsessiveness (n 5 1), impulsiveness (n 5 1), narcissism (n 5 1), harm avoidance (n 5 1), reward dependence (n 5 1), persistence (n 5 1), novelty seeking (n 5 1), cooperativeness (n 5 1), self-directedness (n 5 1), and self-transcendence (n 5 1)
Summary
During the past few decades, research into behavioral addictions has increased significantly. During the past three decades, research interest in work addiction has increased significantly. The results of empirical studies concerning personality and work addiction are both few and mixed. Methods: The present study systematically reviewed and empirically carried out a metaanalysis on all the published studies examining the association between personality variables and work addiction (n 5 28). Among the Big Five traits, extraversion, conscientiousness, and intellect/imaginations showed positive relationships with work addiction. Conclusions: Based on the meta-analysis, personality appears to explain only a small amount of the variance of work addiction and further studies are needed to assess the interaction between individual and environmental factors
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