Abstract
Terrestrial isopods are soil macroarthropods that have few known parasites and parasitoids. All known parasitoids are from the family Rhinophoridae (Insecta: Diptera). The present article reviews the known biology of Rhinophoridae flies and presents the first record of Rhinophoridae larvae on a Neotropical woodlouse species. We also compile and update all published interaction records. The Neotropical woodlouse Balloniscusglaber was parasitized by two different larval morphotypes of Rhinophoridae. Including this new record, there are 18 Isopoda species known to be parasitized and 13 Rhinophoridae species with known hosts, resulting in 35 interactions. There are a total of 53 interaction records from Holarctic and Neotropical countries. Of the 18 known isopod hosts, only five species have more than one parasitoid, including the new Neotropical host record presented in this work.
Highlights
Terrestrial isopods are soil macroarthropods involved in decomposition processes and nutrient cycling (Zimmer 2002)
All known species belong to the family Rhinophoridae (Insecta: Diptera) (Sutton 1980)
This work aims to (1) review the known biology of Rhinophoridae larvae focusing on the woodlouselarva interaction, (2) present the first record of Rhinophoridae larvae on a Neotropical woodlouse species and (3) update the recorded interactions according to current taxonomy of both groups
Summary
Terrestrial isopods are soil macroarthropods involved in decomposition processes and nutrient cycling (Zimmer 2002) This group has many predators within the soil but few known parasites and parasitoids. All known species belong to the family Rhinophoridae (Insecta: Diptera) (Sutton 1980) This family of flies comprises about 150 species worldwide that mainly parasitize woodlice (Pape and Arnaud 2001, Nihei 2016). Despite their numbers, not many papers discuss the woodlouse-parasitoid interaction. This work aims to (1) review the known biology of Rhinophoridae larvae focusing on the woodlouselarva interaction, (2) present the first record of Rhinophoridae larvae on a Neotropical woodlouse species and (3) update the recorded interactions according to current taxonomy of both groups
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