Abstract
The present work proposes a method of inspecting structural elements of wood blocks using non-destructive techniques. For this, three blocks of Cedrelinga cateniformis Ducke wood were longitudinally perforated in a grid form, then transversal ultrasound velocities were measured and used to make 2D graphics. Afterwards, the blocks were cut to make transversal specimens that were used to determine apparent densities. The graphs of both parameters were compared to visualize quality zones in the blocks from velocity and density bands. From this, a preliminary inspection protocol using ultrasound tests of structural elements was proposed.
Highlights
The main objective of this study was to develop an inspection method to evaluate the quality of structural wooden blocks and identify the different zones caused by factors such as internal structure variation or deterioration by external agents, using non-destructive ultrasound tests (NDT) located punctually
Ultrasound wave propagation velocities were measured in the transverse direction of the wooden blocks and local apparent densities of the material were determined by locating the study points in a longitudinal-transversal square grid and correlating the results using 2D graphs
Using ultrasound waves of FAKOPP equipment on pine beams extracted from the Moreira Méjico Cathedral, Carrillo, Sotomayor, Raya (2019) indicated that the transverse velocities measured in cross-sections are more sensitive to structural and quality changes, noting that longitudinal velocities are more homogeneous in these beams
Summary
The main objective of this study was to develop an inspection method to evaluate the quality of structural wooden blocks and identify the different zones (good to low quality) caused by factors such as internal structure variation or deterioration by external agents, using non-destructive ultrasound tests (NDT) located punctually. Ultrasound wave propagation velocities were measured in the transverse direction of the wooden blocks and local apparent densities of the material were determined by locating the study points in a longitudinal-transversal square grid and correlating the results using 2D graphs. Emerson et al (2002) used ultrasound tests to characterize Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) blocks (14 x 8 x 120 inches) taken from a bridge. They used 2- and 4-inch grid squares which indicated that a block with light attack and density losses greater than 10% can reduce mechanical properties up to 80%. Using samples of deteriorating beams, they obtained graphs with 300, 150 and 90 measurement points, respectively, for the propagation time of ultrasound waves, characterizing the zones as attacked by rot, when viewing the damaged zones that were later contrasted with compression tests perpendicular to the fibers
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