Abstract
Using firewood as a space heating source is a popular solution in Norwegian housing and can significantly reduce the electrical energy demand of houses. This study analysed habits and reasons for using a wood stove from survey data. From this, typical behaviour patterns were defined. These patterns were imported into a building performance simulation model of a typical Norwegian single-family detached house to evaluate the impact of the stove user behaviour on the electrical energy demand and on the overheating risk. Results showed that up to 32% of the electrical energy demand for space heating can be saved using a wood stove. The number of overheating hours increased when the wood stove was used more frequently. However, it decreased after full renovation because the stove is used less often, as the total space heating demand decreases and the indoor temperature drops less often below the temperature set-point when the stove is started. Active use of the wood stove is effective as retrofitting measure when the aim is to save electricity or fossil fuels. Nevertheless, if the stove power is not adapted to the building, it can be challenging to maintain a comfortable temperature in the room.
Highlights
Retrofitting the existing building stock has the potential to improve the overall energy efficiency and reduce CO2-emissions [1]
Five fireplace behaviour patterns were defined from the survey data and were implemented in a simulation model
Depending of the building insulation level and fireplace behavior patterns, simulation results showed that using a wood stove can result in up to 32% savings on the electrical space heating demand
Summary
Retrofitting the existing building stock has the potential to improve the overall energy efficiency and reduce CO2-emissions [1]. About 40% of the houses in Norway are detached single-family houses built before 1990 [3] These houses typically have a wood burning stove in addition to electric heaters to cover the space heating demand. This makes it possible to use a renewable energy source for space heating and biofuel currently covers around 16% of the national energy consumption for households [4]. A wood stove improves the flexibility of the heating system (i.e. the possibility to choose between two heat generation systems) and decreases the dependence on non-renewable resources. In the building code of 1969, small houses, if not connected to a central heating system, were required a chimney
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