Women with placenta praevia and antepartum haemorrhage have a worse outcome than those who do not bleed before delivery

Abstract

We set out to assess the maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with placenta praevia and antepartum haemorrhage (APH) between 1991 and 1997, compared with woman with a diagnosed placenta praevia who did not bleed. The demographic data, maternal and perinatal outcomes of 159 women with antepartum haemorrhage were compared with 93 women without antepartum haemorrhage in a retrospective study. Women with antepartum haemorrhage had the diagnosis of placenta praevia confirmed at an earlier gestation. More women with antepartum haemorrhage received antenatal steroids and tocolytic agents, and had emergency caesarean sections. The majority of women with bleeding had an emergency caesarean section for antepartum haemorrhage and more delivered early because of fetal distress. There were more preterm deliveries in women with antepartum haemorrhage. The mean birth weight was 2.69 kg in the women with antepartum haemorrhage and 3.06 kg in those without. More infants in the bleeding group had a low Apgar score at the first minute, respiratory distress syndrome, and admission to special baby care and neonatal intensive care unit. It is concluded that there is an increased risk of premature delivery in women with antepartum haemorrhage and placenta praevia. Aggressive management, tocolysis and cervical cerclage should be explored further to improve the perinatal outcome. Women without antepartum haemorrhage can be managed on an outpatient basis.