Abstract
BackgroundWomen have enhanced triglyceride (TAG) removal from the circulation following consumption of high-fat loads, potentially leading to decreased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation. This may have implications related to long-term health outcomes. We examined the oxidative stress response to high-fat feeding between men and women to determine if women are less prone to postprandial oxidative stress as compared to men.MethodsA total of 49 women (mean age: 31 ± 12 yrs) and 49 men (mean age: 27 ± 9 yrs) consumed a high-fat meal in the morning hours following a 10–12 hour overnight fast. Blood samples were collected before and at 2 and 4 hours after the meal. Samples were analyzed for TAG, various markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde [MDA], hydrogen peroxide [H2O2], Advanced Oxidation Protein Products [AOPP], nitrate/nitrite [NOx]), and Trolox-Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC). Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated for each variable. Effect size calculations were performed using Cohen’s d. Data from the total sample of 98 subjects were collected as a part of six previously conducted studies in our lab focused on postprandial oxidative stress, between 2007 and 2012.ResultsAUC was higher for men compared to women for TAG (249.0 ± 21.5 vs. 145.0 ± 9.8 mg·dL-1·4 hr-1; p < 0.0001; effect size = 0.89), MDA (2.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.2 ± 0.1 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; p = 0.009; effect size = 0.47), H2O2 (29.9 ± 2.4 vs. 22.5 ± 1.6 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; p = 0.001; effect size = 0.55), AOPP (92.8 ± 6.9 vs. 56.4 ± 3.7 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; p < 0.0001; effect size = 1.38), and TEAC (1.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.3 ± 0.0 mmol·L-1·4 hr-1; p = 0.002; effect size = 0.91). No significant difference was noted for NOx (42.2 ± 4.6 vs. 38.3 ± 3.5 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1 for men and women, respectively; p = 0.09; effect size = 0.17).ConclusionIn the context of the current design, women experienced lower postprandial oxidative stress compared to men. Future work is needed to determine the potential health implications of lower postprandial oxidative stress in women.
Highlights
Oxidative stress can occur when the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) overwhelms antioxidant defenses (Bloomer 2008)
While the production of RONS occurs as part of normal cellular metabolism (Fialkow et al 2007; Stanczyk et al 2005), in particular through the processing of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain, excess RONS production can be problematic; in particular as related to cardiovascular (Victor et al 2009) and metabolic (Kojda and Harrison 1999; Wei et al 2009) disease
Oxidative stress biomarker data: area under the curve The Area under the curve (AUC) was higher for men compared to women for TAG (249.0 ± 21.5 vs. 145.0 ± 9.8 mg·dL-1·4 hr-1; F = 20.6; p < 0.0001; effect size = 0.89), MDA (2.7 ± 0.2 vs. 2.2 ± 0.1 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; F = 7.6; p = 0.009; effect size = 0.47), H2O2 (29.9 ± 2.4 vs. 22.5 ± 1.6 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; F = 12.2; p = 0.001; effect size = 0.55), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) (92.8 ± 6.9 vs. 56.4 ± 3.7 μmol·L-1·4 hr-1; F = 20.0; p < 0.0001; effect size = 1.38), and TroloxEquivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) (1.7 ± 0.1 vs. 1.3 ± 0.0 mmol·L-1·4 hr-1; F = 11.7; p = 0.002; effect size = 0.91)
Summary
Oxidative stress can occur when the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) overwhelms antioxidant defenses (Bloomer 2008). This scenario is well-documented in human studies in which participants ingest a high-fat load Women have enhanced triglyceride (TAG) removal from the circulation following consumption of high-fat loads, potentially leading to decreased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) generation. This may have implications related to long-term health outcomes. We examined the oxidative stress response to high-fat feeding between men and women to determine if women are less prone to postprandial oxidative stress as compared to men
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.