Abstract
ABSTRACT Negative templates come from foreknowledge of distractor-features and improve visual search performance. Recent studies characterizing the mechanisms underlying these benefits, show a critical role of proactive control mechanisms in negative template use. The goal of this study was to test if state-based fluctuations of proactive control play a role in negative template use. We used motivation (e.g., rewards) to induce within-individual fluctuations of proactive control efficiency during visual search. We replicated previous findings for the positive templates, with faster RT to find the target during periods of high- compared to low-reward conditions. Interestingly, we found no effect of motivation on the use of negative templates, even when a motivation condition led to faster RTs. Taken together, these results bring new evidence that using negative templates is not modulated by within-individual fluctuations of proactive engagement and is likely more related to trait-based aspects of an individual's proactive control ability.
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