Abstract
Yield, pod filling, weights of 100 seeds, viability, and vigor of seeds from upper and lower halves of soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, plants were examined in response to four levels of natural infestation (population means of 3.8, 3.0, 1.5, and 0.3 bugs per meter of row) by a stink bug complex that included Nezara viridula (L.), Acrosternum hilare (Say), and Euschistus spp. Reductions in yield occurred as stink bug infestation levels increased; these reductions primarily were confined to upper halves of plants. Feeding damage, as evidenced by reductions in pod filling, seed viability, and seed vigor, was restricted to upper halves of plants until infestations reached the highest level (i.e., 3.8 bugs per meter of row). These results demonstrated that stink bugs fed preferentially on seeds in upper halves of plants until high infestation levels forced bugs to feed in lower halves. Results also suggest that feeding by stink bugs at low infestation levels (i.e., 1.5 bugs per meter of row) effected increases in weights of 100 seeds. Damage-free seeds compensated for damaged seeds by exhibiting increases in weights of 100 seeds of as much as 43.8%.
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