Withholding gonadotropin administration is an effective alternative for the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the outcomes of IVF and the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) after discontinuing gonadotropin therapy in patients at risk of developing OHSS by delaying hCG administration until a drop in serum E 2 levels was observed. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: IVF program at a university center. Interventions: Gonadotropin administration was withheld in 22 patients (group 1) when their serum E 2 level was ≥ 3,000 pg/mL (conversion factor to SI unit, 3.671). Patients continued GnRH analogue injections daily, and hCG was administered when serum E 2 levels dropped to ≤3,000 pg/mL. Outcomes were compared with 26 patients (group 2) in whom embryo transfer was canceled and all embryos cryopreserved for transfer during a subsequent unstimulated cycle. Main Outcome Measures: Outcomes of IVF and incidence of OHSS were compared in both groups of patients. In group 1, follicular and hormonal parameters before and after the coasting interval were compared in pregnant versus nonpregnant patients. In addition, serum hormonal profiles were evaluated daily during the coasting period to determine the effects of gonadotropin withdrawal. Results: Although the mean number of oocytes retrieved was significantly higher in group 2, fertilization rates, miscarriage rates, delivery rates/stimulation cycle, and the incidence of OHSS did not differ significantly between the two groups. Conclusion: Withholding gonadotropin administration is an effective alternative to prevent the development of severe OHSS in a high-risk population. Although the risk of cancellation cannot be completely eliminated, this strategy can provide a high pregnancy rate without the need to repeat multiple frozen-thawed cycles.