Abstract
As observed in a 3404-meter-deep field test via manned diving, 316 SS mainly occurs pitting corrosion in deep-sea water/sediments and corrodes 3-4 times faster than that in shallow sea. In water, due to the synergistic effect of high hydrostatic pressure and Cl− ions, the passive film becomes loose and nonuniform, and the pits expand laterally, leading to wide and shallow pits. In sediments, S2− ions inhibit the re-passivation process and make the passive film thinner, causing numerous pits initiate. Because of the poor Cl− ions transfer efficiency, the pits expand slowly in lateral direction, resulting in vertical pits.
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