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Abstract

We studied distal colon of Wistar rats including descending transverse colon and rectum. Feature of distal colon in the
 left flexure are short mesenterium growing in size towards rectum, common mesenterium with small intestine attached
 to it on the right side and ligament forming left flexure and attached to it on the left side. It was found that one of the
 variants of normal blood supply is the absence of a. mesenterica caudalis. In this case blood supply comes from arterial
 arch formed by a. rectalis media and a. colica media. Moreover, in the classic variant of blood supply we revealed a
 variation in the amount of straight branches that go to this segment of colon wall from left colic and superior rectal
 arteries (from 3 to 5 from each artery).
 The structural features of rectum is weak expression of rectal ampulla that causes the depletion of fecal masses immediately
 after passing into rectum. Crypt compartment of colon of Wistar rats consists by 80,6 % of obligatory flora
 represented with Bacteroides ssp., Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, E. coli (lac+), Grampositive
 rods. Facultative flora is represented with Proteus mirabilis, Peptococcus spp., Candida spp., Staphylococcus
 epidermidis, Citrobacter freundii and makes 19,4 %.