Wirkung einer langjährig differenzierten mineralisch-organischen Düngung auf Ertrag, Humusgehalt, N-Bilanz und Nährstoffgehalte des Bodens

Abstract

Since 1966, the effects of increasing mineral N fertilization in combination with different organic fertilizers (without, farmyard manure, straw) were examined at two sites in Saxonia (Methau: loam, Spröda: loamy sand) in two-factorial static experiments with regard to yield, humus content, N-balance, Nmin content and DL-soluble contents of phosphor and potassium. During the period 1966–2010, rising N application caused a significant yield increase. Farmyard manure treatments always showed the highest yields. Particularly, the yields of potatoes and sugar beets were considerably increased by applying manure, while this had substantially smaller effects on winter wheat and summer barley. The humus contents decreased clearly on both sites. They were almost halved with omitted organic fertilization. With manure supply, the starting contents could not be kept upright, but they were, in relation to omitted organic fertilization, on a clearly higher level. The effect on humus content, resulting from the straw fertilization, was comparatively weak. Under these experimental conditions, high yields with slightly negative to slightly positive N-balance results, were realised. Before winter, the Nmin content increased with rising N supply and showed a significant dependence to the N-balances. In case of manure fertilization, they always were on a higher level. The long-term differentiated fertilization strongly affected the DL-soluble contents of phosphor and potassium of the soil.