Abstract
91.1 Introduction There is a range of activities in various parts of the globe concerning the standardization, research, and development of the third-generation (3G) mobile systems known as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) in Europe, which was termed as the IMT-2000 system by the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) [1,2]. This is mainly due to the explosive expansion of the Internet and the continued dramatic increase in demand for all types of advanced wireless multimedia services, including video telephony as well as the more conventional voice and data services. However, advanced high-rate services such as high-resolution interactive video and "telepresence" services require data rates in excess of 2Mb/s, which are unlikely to be supported by the 3G systems [3–7]. These challenges remain to be solved by future mobile broadband systems (MBS).
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