Abstract
Railway industry plays a critical role in transportation and transit systems attributed to the ever-growing demand for catering to both freight and passengers. However, owing to many challenges faced by railway stations such as harsh environments, traffic flow, safety and security risks, new and adaptive systems employing new technology are recommended. In this review, several wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications are proposed for use in railway station systems, including advanced WSNs, which will enhance security, safety, and decision-making processes to achieve more cost-effective management in railway stations, as well as the development of integrated systems. The size, efficiency, and cost of WSNs are influential factors that attract the railway industry to adopt these devices. This paper presents a review of WSNs that have been designed for uses in monitoring and securing railway stations. This article will first briefly focus on the presence of different WSN applications in diverse applications. In addition, it is important to note that exploitation of the state-of-the-art tools and techniques such as WSNs to gain an enormous amount of data from a railway station is a new and novel concept requiring the development of artificial intelligence methods, such machine learning, which will be vital for the future of the railway industry.
Highlights
It is one of the greatest challenges to manage and enhance safe and reliable environments within a railway station, which contains physical objects, people, and multi-systems (e.g., Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC), fire systems, screening systems, etc.) when such environments are exposed to extreme and constant threats
The rest of this paper aims to relate the display of a wireless sensor networks (WSNs) to the data that can be retrieved from a smart railway station, and it aims to encourage the development of advanced technology such as machine learning in the future
This paper offers an overview of WSNs in railway stations and a definition of the applications that can be used
Summary
It is one of the greatest challenges to manage and enhance safe and reliable environments within a railway station, which contains physical objects (movement or stationary), people (passengers, employees, the public), and multi-systems (e.g., Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC), fire systems, screening systems, etc.) when such environments are exposed to extreme and constant threats (such as man-made hazards). Railway stations, which are an intermodal transport hub, are the main emphasis where the technologies such as wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be adopted to boost security [1]. The application of WSN sensing devices in the future will increase exponentially due to the need for advanced monitoring in transportation, electricity, industry, and other critical infrastructures. Wireless sensor networks have appropriate features, including the ability to withstand harsh environments, large coverage, self-organisation, self-configuration, and powerful utility independence, as well as being very suitable for data communication monitoring systems for transmission lines. Sensors with a high-accuracy measurement of parameters including temperature, strain, vibration, and birefringence have gradually become widespread in the railway industry for display infrastructure and environment applications including monitoring of rail tracks, tunnels, and surveillance to deliver safety and security [13,17]. In Europe, for example, the energy consumption of industry is 30% and transportation is 30% of the total energy consumption [4]
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