Wireless Sensor Networks for smart grid applications

Abstract

Electrical power grid is among the critical infrastructures of a nation. In the past several years, the power grids have experienced several major failures which have caused large financial losses in various countries around the globe. In a close future, the imbalance between the growing demand and the diminishing fossil fuels, aging equipments, and lack of communications are anticipated to negatively impact the operation of the power grids. For this reason, governments and utilities have recently started working on renovating the power grid to meet the power quality and power availability demands of the 21 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">st</sup> century. The opportunities that have become available with the advances in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) have paved the way to this modernization. The new grid empowered by ICT is called as the smart grid. The natural extension of the smart grid applications to the consumer premises can be through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) which are able to provide pervasive communications and control capabilities at low cost. WSNs have broad range of applications in the smart grid. In this paper we discuss the application of the WSNs in the home energy management services. We evaluate the performance of WSNs in terms of delivery ratio, delay and Packet Delay Variance (PDV) for varying interarrival times and varying network sizes. We also provide numerical results on the reduced cost, load and carbon emissions by our home energy management application.