Abstract
Monitoring of the marine environment has come to be a field of scientific interest in the last ten years. The instruments used in this work have ranged from small-scale sensor networks to complex observation systems. Among small-scale networks, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are a highly attractive solution in that they are easy to deploy, operate and dismantle and are relatively inexpensive. The aim of this paper is to identify, appraise, select and synthesize all high quality research evidence relevant to the use of WSNs in oceanographic monitoring. The literature is systematically reviewed to offer an overview of the present state of this field of study and identify the principal resources that have been used to implement networks of this kind. Finally, this article details the challenges and difficulties that have to be overcome if these networks are to be successfully deployed.
Highlights
Coastal marine systems are vulnerable to the effects of human activity attendant on industrial, tourist and urban development
What is the Infrastructure usually used in Deploying A-Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) for Oceanographic Monitoring?
The studies reviewed in this survey show that aerial wireless sensor networks (A-WSNs) are an important technological breakthrough for monitoring some oceanographic processes in which it is necessary to achieve high space/time resolutions
Summary
Coastal marine systems are vulnerable to the effects of human activity attendant on industrial, tourist and urban development. Information and communications technologies offer new solutions for monitoring such ecosystems in real time In response to this demand for technology, the Sensors 2010, 10 last ten years have seen the emergence of various initiatives, from simple case studies to complex coastal observation systems designed to monitor the marine environment. These systems are composed of sensor nodes, frequently wireless, which transmit data to a sink node, in real time, on a number of physical, chemical and/or biological measurements (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, turbidity, phosphates, chlorophyll, etc.). The processor controls all the node’s functions such as access to sensors, control of communications, execution of algorithms, battery saving, energy source management, etc
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