Abstract
With ever-increasing concerns on health and environmental safety, there is a fast-growing interest in new technologies for medical devices and applications. Particularly, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology provides reliable and convenient power charging for implant medical devices without additional surgery. For those WPT medical systems, the width of the human body restricts the charging distance, while the specific absorption rate (SAR) standard limits the intensity of the electromagnetic field. In order to develop a high-efficient charging strategy for medical implants, the key factors of transmission distance, coil structure, resonant frequency, etc. are paid special attention. In this paper, a comprehensive overview of near-field WPT technologies in medical devices is presented and discussed. Also, future development is discussed for the prediction of different devices when embedded in various locations of the human body. Moreover, the key issues including power transfer efficiency and output power are addressed and analyzed. All concerning characteristics of WPT links for medical usage are elaborated and discussed. Thus, this review provides an in-depth investigation and the whole map for WPT technologies applied in medical applications.
Highlights
With the increasing consciousness in medical diagnostic and monitoring systems, research in the medical engineering field has gradually focused on healthcare systems
In order to solve the abovementioned problems, wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been proposed by different researchers over the last 10 years, which guarantees the rechargeable characteristics of implantable devices with reasonable sizes and without surgeries
specific absorption rate (SAR) measures the rate at which energy is absorbed by the human body when it is exposed to a radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic field [111]
Summary
With the increasing consciousness in medical diagnostic and monitoring systems, research in the medical engineering field has gradually focused on healthcare systems. In order to improve system reliability and reduce the danger of surgery, some research work is attempting to use longer-lasting batteries with certified safety standards [4], which increases the size and weight of implanted devices. Miniaturization is another focus for the future healthcare system that restricts the application of large batteries. Near-field WPT is widely adopted to support implanted biomedical devices, while inductive coupling is the most popular option with an overall high transmission efficiency [8] Aligned with these aforementioned interests, some papers analyze previous development paths and future possibilities of WPT technologies in implantable devices.
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